Dice the chicken breast and season using the chives, cilantro, garlic, onion, basil, oregano, ginger, thyme (leaves only, discard the sticks), paprika, chipotle, cayenne, salt and pepper, soy sauce and tomato sauce. Mix well to ensure all seasoning is evenly distributed. Cover, and marinate for at least an hour.
(*See notes #1, #2 and #3)
In a heavy-bottom pot add the oil and the sugar on high to medium-high . Allow the sugar to slowly melt and when it starts to spread, froth, and you can just see the edges and underside (through the froth) beginning to darken, lower the heat to medium-low and add in the chicken and turn it quickly to ensure that all pieces are evenly coated with the caramelized sugar.
(*See notes #4, #5 and #6)
Once coated, allow the chicken to cook undisturbed for two to three minutes before turning and allowing the pieces to cook on the other side for another two to three minutes.
(*See note #7)
Pour in enough water or broth, and, if using, coconut milk to partially cover the chicken.
(*See notes #9 and #10)
Cover and allow to simmer on low heat for 20-30 minutes until the chicken is tender and half of the liquid has cooked off.
Adjust salt levels to taste.
(*See note #8)
Store any leftovers in an airtight container in the fridge for up to a week. Similarly you can freeze the meat in the sauce in the freezer for up to three months.